Job Analysis For A Customer Service Representative

Mariah Neuhauser MGMT 362 - Exam 1 How would you conduct a job analysis for a customer service representative position? Job analysis helps define the required skills and duties for a position so the right person can be hired for said position. A non-exempt customer service representative position needs to be filled within the company. We need to decide which human characteristics and competencies are necessary to fulfill the duties of a customer service representative. In order to define the job description and specifications, I need to interview and observe our existing customer service representatives to analyze the position s duties and to decide what makes a customer service representative successful in that position. I would pay close attention to the work activities and human behaviors our current representatives display. Performance standards would also be important to ensure quality customer service is being provided. I will use the job analysis to confirm EEO compliance, conduct performance appraisals, analyze compensation and training, and to improve the recruitment process. The job description would surround processing and modifying customer orders and returns, handling customer complaints and disputes in-person, over the phone and/or via e-mail, providing accurate information to customers in regards to information requests about an order or a product, exceeding sales goals and customer service expectations, providing feedback to our organization if there areShow MoreRelatedAssignment 2: Organizational Structure Essay1633 Words   |  7 Pagesanalyze the elements of a job analysis and discuss its significance to the hiring and employee development aspects of human resource management. I will describe the importance of a PAQ, proposing two ways the results can be used to redesign a customer service job for efficiency. 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According To the Principles of Common Law Contributory Negligence

Question: Discuss About the According To the Principles of Common Law Contributory Negligence? Answer: Introducation: In the provided scenario Keith would be referred to as the defendant and Ruth would be referred as the Plaintiff. The plaintiff in this case would file a claim for damages with respect to breach of duty of care by the defendant which arises out of negligence in the law of torts. It is on the plaintiff to prove that he had suffered from the negligent actions taken by the defendant (Osborne 2015). It has to be proved beyond doubt that the injury caused to the plaintiff has resulted from the negligent act of the defendant that is if the act did not take place than the plaintiff would not have been injured. In this case it has to be proved that a duty of care was owed by the defendant towards the plaintiff. The plaintiff then needs to prove that the negligent actions of the plaintiff made him breach the owed duty. Finally the plaintiff has to prove that the breach was the reason the injury had been suffered by the plaintiff. The remoteness of damage also has to been established by the pl aintiff and show that the remote damage was a result of the harm (Daye and Morris 2016). The law in relation to the tort of negligence is generally dealt by common law. Through the case of Donoghue v Stevenson 1932 AC 562 the concept of neighbor principle had been provided. In this case the plaintiff went to a bar with his friend and ordered a ginger beer. The bottle in which the beer was provided was opaque. The plaintiff consumed the beer and at the end found snail in it. The sight made the plaintiff mentally and physically sick. The plaintiff decided that he would take action against the injury suffered by him. The plaintiff consumed the beer manufacturer for the damages suffered by him. It was argued by the defendant in this case that there was neither any legal or contractual relationship between the plaintiff and the defendant (Jeffries 2013). The defendant had a relationship with the bar owner but not the plaintiff. In this case the court made the neighbor principles that is to love a neighbor law and was modified into one must not cause injury to his neighbor. Th e court further provided in relation who can be considered as a neighbor by stating that a person who can be directly or closely affected by the act of the person and the person could reasonably foresee that his acts could harm the other. The court thus held that the claim made by the plaintiff in this case was justified as the manufacturer could foresee that the defect in his goods could harm the consumers (Henderson, Kysas and Pearson 2017). In this case it was further provided by the court that the existence of a duty of care is not enough to held a person liable for negligence. It has to be proved that the person observed negligence towards his course of action and breached the duty of care. The sole breach in duty of care is also not a complete basis for claiming damages until and unless an actual injury is caused to the plaintiff because the duty was breach a claim for negligence does not arise. In order to determine whether a duty of care exists or not the type of injury that has been caused needs to be considered. In case the loss is in relation to damage of personal property than the Caparo test has to be applied. The caparo test had been provided by the case of Caparo Industries pIc v Dickman[1990] 2 AC 605House of Lords. According to the test the foresee ability with respect to damage in any condition is the fundamental ingredient to analyze the duty of care. Once the existence of the duty of care has been established by the application of the test, the duty has been breach or not has to be proved by the plaintiff. The objective test which was used and provided by the case of Vaughan v Menlove(1837) 3 Bing N.C. 467 has to be applied. With the objective test it is analyzed by the court that a prudent person would have committed the same mistake or would have taken extra precautions in similar circumstances. In this case the haystack of the defendant had been exposed to fire because proper ventilation was not available. He had been warned about the defect several times by the plaintiff who was damaged due to the fire. It was argued by the defendant in this case that he used his best decision making skills with respect to the ventilation. The court rejected his argument and held the claim of the plaintiff by comparing the actions of the defendant with a reasonable man (Shulman et al. 2015). Whether the injury has been caused due to the negligent action or not is determined using the but for test. In the case of Barnett v Chelsea Kensington Hospital[1969] 1 QB 428 the but for test had been provided by the court. . In this case the plaintiff went to the hospital with the complaint of vomiting and severe stomach pain. He was told by the doctor to consult his general physician and go home. The plaintiff died after five hours as he was suffering from arsenic poisoning. It was held by the court in this case that the defendant was not liable for the breach in duty of care. In this case the but for test had been applied by the court to determine the question. The court held that even if the doctor would not have been negligent the plaintiff would have died in any case. Thus according to the test if the injury would have take place even if the act was not committed than it does not account to negligence. According to the principles of common law contributory negligence can be used as a partial or complete defense against the liability in negligence. The concept of contributory negligence has been used successfully in the cases of Revill v Newbery[1996] 2 WLR 239 and Nettleship v Weston[1971] 3 WLR 370. In the case ofPitts v Hunt[1990] 3 All ER 344 it was found that the plaintiff had contributed 100% towards the harm caused to him. The concept of contributory negligence arises when although the tort of negligence exists after the satisfaction of all its essentials it has been found that the actions of the plaintiff has partially or wholly contributed towards the harm caused to him. In this case the liability of the wrongdoer is adjusted based on the percentage of contributory negligence made by the plaintiff. For instance, if the plaintiff has contributed 30% towards the harm caused to him than the defendant has to pay only 70% of the total damages allocated to the plaintiff (Cusimano and Roberts 2016). When remedies are provided by the court to the person to whom the harm has been caused certain principles of remedies are followed. In the case of British Transport Commission v Gourley[1956] AC 185 it was provided by the court that that plaintiff should not be given any compensation more than what he has suffered as a loss. The primary motive of the court is to restore the position of the plaintiff which he would have been if the negligent act would have not been committed by the wrongdoer. The court generally provides monetary compensations in relation to the tort of negligence (Epstein and Sharkey 2016). In the present case study Ruth wants to claim damages against Keth for the loss suffered by her. Keth is a carpenter who is not qualified but has still advertised about his services. As the plaintiff required some wood work she contacted the defendants. The defendant who did not have proper knowledge about the work has negligently used an old ply where he had to use a fresh wood. As a result the old ply got damaged and according to the plaintiff he got hurt due to the negligent act of the defendant. Firstly the neighbor principle has to be applied in order to determine whether a duty of care existed in the first place or not. As discussed above if the actions of a person affect another and he reasonably foresees that the action can be a cause of harm caused to another their person owes a duty of care. Thus in this case it was reasonably foreseeable for the defendant that if he does not use proper material with respect to the repairs the plaintiff may suffer an injury. As the neighbor principle has been satisfied it can be said that a duty of care is owed by the defendant with respect to the plaintiff. Now in order to analyze that the defendant breach the duty of care or not the objective test has to be applied to the facts. The action of the defendant has to be compared with that of a reasonable person in order to come to a conclusion that the actions were reasonable or not. In this a prudent carpenter would have known the risk of using old wood in the repair work and the same action has not been taken by the defendant. Thus the defendant has breach the duty of care which the plaintiff expected from him to company with. It has to be further analyzed according to the principles of Donoghue v Stevenson that the harm was a result of the negligent action taken by the defendant or not. The thread which had been replaced by the defendant had fallen due to his negligent actions as discussed above. If the thread had not fallen than the plaintiff would have not suffered the injury caused to him. Thus it can be said that the cause of harm was the negligent action of the defendant. However the plaintiff in this case was carrying materials which were obstructing her view. If the materials were not present in the hands of the plaintiff than the view would not have been obstructed and the plaintiff would have seen the fallen thread and thus the harm could have been avoided. It has to be analyzed in this case by applying the objective test that the actions of the PLAINTIFF were negligent or not. Comparing the actions to that of a prudent person it can be said that the plaintiff should have not carries materials by which her view has been obstructed. Thus the plaintiff was also negligent in her actions providing a scope for contributory negligence. As discussed above when the concept of contributory negligence comes into the question the defendant can use it as a total or partial defense. It is for the court to analyze in this case that how much compensation if at all should be given to the plaintiff because of the percentage of contribution done towards the neglige nt act by her. With respect to the claim for twelve months of earning loss by the plaintiff the principles related to remoteness has to be applied. According to the case of The Wagon Mound no 1[1961] AC 388 only damages which could be reasonably foreseen by the defendant and which are not too remote are to be compensated. In this case the plaintiff only suffered injuries which could be recovered in two mothers she herself opted not to work for twelve months so she is only entitled to damages for two months and the cost of her treatment. In this case the court would put the plaintiff in the same position which she would have been if the negligent act would not have taken place. the plaintiff is not entitled to any more compensation that what she has lost. Concluding the paper it can be said that there was negligence on the part of both the plaintiff and the defendant. With respect to the defendant all essentials of negligence have been proved against him. The plaintiff is also liable for contributory negligence in this case. Thus the damages to be awarded to the plaintiff would be adjusted according to the principles of contributory negligence References Barnett v Chelsea Kensington Hospital[1969] 1 QB 428 British Transport Commission v Gourley[1956] AC 185 Caparo Industries pIc v Dickman[1990] 2 AC 605 Cusimano, G.S. and Roberts, M.L., 2016. Contributory Negligence and Assumption of Risk.Alabama Tort Law,1. Daye, C.E. and Morris, M.W., 2016.North Carolina Law of Torts. LexisNexis. Donoghue v Stevenson 1932 AC 562 Epstein, R.A. and Sharkey, C.M., 2016.Cases and materials on torts. Wolters Kluwer Law Business. Henderson, J.A., Kysar, D.A. and Pearson, R.N., 2017.The torts process. Wolters Kluwer Law Business. Jeffries Jr, J.C., 2013. The Liability Rule for Constitutional Torts.Va. L. Rev.,99, p.207. Nettleship v Weston[1971] 3 WLR 370 Osborne, P., 2015.The law of torts. Irwin Law. Pitts v Hunt[1990] 3 All ER 344 Revill v Newbery[1996] 2 WLR 239 Shulman, H., James, F., Gray, O.S. and Gifford, D.G., 2015.Law of Torts: Cases and Materials. The Wagon Mound no 1[1961] AC 388 Vaughan v Menlove(1837) 3 Bing N.C. 467

Amazon versus Webvan

Amazon versus Webvan AbstractBoth Amazon and Webvan were well-funded Internet startups in the 1990's. Both focused on a business model that allowed consumers to order products online that would be delivered to the consumers home. In the article, we discuss why Amazon succeeded while Webvan failed.The Two Companies' BackgroundAmazon: Amazon.com, Inc. Amazon.com, Inc. is a Website where customers can find and discover anything they may want to buy online. Jeff Bezos founded Amazon .com in 1990and in July 1995, Amazon.com, Inc. the Fortune 500 Company commenced its operations becoming one of the world most customer-centric company, and selling Worlds Biggest Selection. They offer their customers the lowest possible prices and highest quality. They sell millions of unique, new, used and collectible items in categories such as apparel and accessories, electronics, computers, kitchen and house wares, books, music, DVDs, videos, cameras and photo items, office products, toys, baby items and baby registry, softw are, computer and video games, cell phones and service, tools and hardware, travel services, magazine subscriptions and outdoor living items.Webvan Delivery VanThe Company organized its operations into four principal segments. 1. North America Books, Music and DVD/Video (BMVD); 2. North America Electronics, Tools and Kitchen (ETK); 3. International, 4. ServicesWebvan: Webvan was started in 1996 by Louis Borders and was established to sell groceries over the World Wide Web. George Shaheen resigned as CEO of Anderson Consulting to take advantage of the opportunity to become CEO of Webvan. Webvan, which originated as an online grocery service, delivers food (including its BestYet label, a co-brand with food distributor Fleming Companies) and non-prescription drugs to their customers' doors. Webvan's vision was to provide grocery-shopping solutions that would save consumers both time and effort, without sacrificing the quality, selection, and low prices of traditional brick-and-mortar s tores.Why Amazon...

The Great American Conflict of Interests

The Great American Conflict of Interests What developed into the civil war between the North and South originated from geological differences, which led to economic and then moral conflicts of interest. The way in which colonists adapted to their surroundings in the early years of the European settlement of America directly affected the way in which their economies would work, the way their people would live and the moral standards by which they would live by. The War Between the States did not just suddenly occur but rather it took nearly two centuries of developmental differences to finally set it off. When the Europeans began to settle the South in the mid 1600s they took notice of how different the land was from the land in the North. The South was an ideal environment for growing crops. Certain colonies primarily grew one type of plant called a cash crop. Thousands of acres of land spread across the continent full of untapped natural resources. Colonies such as Virginia and Maryland had found a cash crop in tobacco (Americans 38). While South Carolina had grown indigo and rice as their staple crops, the people of North Carolina, used the principal exports of wood and wood by-products from its pine forests, (Americans 38) as their main export. Realizing that there was much money to be made in America the southerners started forming large farming communities called plantations. The plantations were mostly self-reliant and highly profitable but needed a large amount of laborers to keep them going. Indentured servitude was usually t! he first choice among plantation owners as the best way to staff the farm and save money. In exchange for usually seven years of labor, a plantation owner would pay the way for an immigrant from a foreign land to America. This is the practice that led to slavery in America. Realizing that it would be even cheaper to just buy slaves for life instea...

The film The Searchers by John Wayne (1868) and Mary Rowlandson Essay

The film The Searchers by John Wayne (1868) and Mary Rowlandson narrative - Essay Example The film "The Searchers" by John Wayne (1868) and Mary Rowlandson narrative. Both the narratives, on the civilizational clash between Indians and the settlers, have been criticized as racist and also gender insensitive by forthcoming critics. For example, the narrative of Rowlandson though provide many examples of Indians’ kindness to her, she seems to blindly accept of the Western stereotype of bad Indians and good â€Å"Christians† (Rowlandson, 244). She (Rowlandson) always generalizes by calling Indians â€Å"enemies†, â€Å"barbarous creatures†, â€Å"inhumane creatures† and â€Å"infidels† (Rowlandson, 14, 45, 13). Though, this is the case with Rowlandson’s narrative, she has shown the honesty not to omit any of the several kind acts that Indians, especially Indian women, did to her. But in the film, The Searchers, the hero of the film attributes not even a single good quality to the Indians. And in the first scene itself, the lead character, Ethen is seen behaving in a contempt-filled manner to the half I ndian, Martin, who is the foster son of his brother (The Searchers). Ethen even rudely tells Martin that he looks like a â€Å"half-breed† (The Searchers). Here, it has to be noted that Rowlandson had good reason to hate Indians, but Ethen had none, as far as the viewers know. Even then Ethen is found to be more intolerant towards the Indians than Rowlandson. This contradiction can partially be attributed to Rowlandson being a woman, and Ethen being a man. In all the civilizational clashes in history, men have been the conquerors while women stayed on the margins of such power game. It was never their war. And that is why Ethen is more racist than Rowlandson- because it is Ethen’s (and all the men’s) war actually. There is no where in these two depictions, even a suggestion that Westerners were also imparting similar atrocities upon Indians, which were far more wide spread as compared to the Indian excesses. The puritan attitude of the West of that period, and t he hypocrisy involved with that notion is evident from the fact that Ethen wants to murder his brother’s daughter because she became wife to an Indian, and thus strangely deprived of even the affection of her uncle (The Searchers). But in the Rowlandson narrative, Weetamoo, the wife of Rowlandson’s Indian master, is acknowledged as a powerful and self-asserting woman though Rowlandson never seems to fully realize the rights and powers that Indian women enjoy in their society (Rowlandson, 4). Rowlandson herself has described Weetamoo in the words, â€Å"a severe and proud dame she was, bestowing every day in dressing herself neat as much time as any of the gentry of the land† (37). In her narrative, there are many Indians and Indian women who give her food and shelter (Rowlandson). For example, an Indian gives her a pancake to eat when she was hungry and another Indian woman gives her a a piece of

Coping with Stress (SLP) Module 3 (BHS400) Stress Management Essay

Coping with Stress (SLP) Module 3 (BHS400) Stress Management - Essay Example The journal also reviews a couple of OSM programs showcasing their applicability to the clinical environment as well how cost-effective an effective OSM is to employers. Edward and Burnard (2003) in this source take an in-depth research aiming at identifying stressors, moderators, and all possible and actual outcomes of stress. In their study, Edward and Burnard include measures of stress, burnout, and satisfaction at the work place. With a sample size of 2000 people, the research is relevant in stress management as it identifies the possible causes of stress as well the specific outcomes of different types and levels of stress. In this case, the source provides a background information useful in crafting a stress management program. In this journal source, Murphy (1984) takes into consideration the merits of OSM as he compares studies within the dimensions of work group type, format and the orientation of programs, methods of managing stress, non-specific effects, and the maintenance of skills and benefits on the long run. With reference to worksite stress management programs, Murphy identifies that research connecting the above mentioned factors is fragmented and does not quite satisfy the question, ‘how effective are OSMs with regards to work group-type, format and the orientation of programs, methods of managing stress, non-specific effects, and the maintenance of skills and benefits on the long run. However, his conclusion, that OSMs are effective in aiding employees to cope with stress, merits the relevance of the source with respect to stress management. Employee appraisals to stress at the workplace are the focus of this journal source as Murphy (1996) examines a number of stress management interventions and their effectiveness. With a research approach, Murphy employs a variety of interventions to stress management as appraises their effectiveness from his sample responses. In this case, the source provides credible information linking stressful

Ernest Hemingway Essay Example for Free

Ernest Hemingway Essay Ernest Hemingway is one of the writers that define American Literature. Although he accomplished much in reputation and status due to his novel, his most celebrated works have always been his short stories. His short stories, which are known for their simple language and artful prose, are often seen as a reflection of his life. It can indeed be seen through several of the plots he penned that he was drawing out his own life experiences such as his portrayal of himself as a macho man, his relationship with the women in his life, war and death and of course alcohol. Noting this Martin Scofield rightly states, â€Å"the personal experience on which he frequently drew directly in his writing was full of confusing tension and conflict – between masculine and feminine elements in his personality, between admiration for the physical courage and a growing disillusion with violence, and between the optimism of youth and physical energy, and the inevitable depredation of old age and death. In his short stories we see vividly developed snapshots of turmoil, precise delineations of individual fragments of disparate experience.† (Scofield 139). The kind of heroes that the author went to write about in his book were a direct reflection of the kind of man he wanted to be. The male protagonist has an aura of dignity and an unwavering integrity about them. Compromise is not known to these characters in most instances. In fact both male and female characters that were created by Hemingway are more often than not, defiant of the society that they exist in and continually go against the societal norms and expectations. Hemingway was by nature a macho man. His life has shown us his indulgences in great adventures. The time he spent in wars, hunting and sport is reflected in several of his works. The kind of heroes Hemingway wrote about will probably not suffice today; torn soldiers, and death defying hunters, adventurers and bullfighters made up his works, but that these characters exhibited a personal code of honesty and decency. Harvey Claflin Mansfield rightly categorized the author’s personality in his book ‘Maniliness’, â€Å"Hemingway was a macho fellow and a seeker of adventure when coupled with fun†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Mansfield 52). An example of this can be taken from his short story ‘Indian Camp,’ where the physician is neither concerned with his lack of anesthetic and equipment nor the screaming patient. In true alpha male mode, he goes onto deliver a child with a jack-knife.   His complete lack of interest in the women’s pain, which normally affects people, and the way he goes onto admire his work as though it was a non-living thing gives off a very sadistic and stereotypical macho essence. At the same time we can compare the physician’s character to the American Indian man who slit his throat and died during his wife’s giving birth. That man did not have the courage and strength to face the ordeal that his wife was going through, unlike the physician who seemed to think nothing of it. And like that Hemingway continuously writes about men that could stand up to things and endure things. The strength which he at times referred to ‘grace under pressure’ was reflective of the kind of man that does not succumb to his problems. His story of the bull fighter can also be seen as an example of this very thing, where the protagonist ignores injuries to enter battle. Explaining the development of the characters through the developments in Hemingway’s life, John Campbell noted, â€Å"In the 1920s, Hemingway began to develop a public role for himself in an attempt to show people how a writer acts when not writing. He became comfortable with this role and wrote essays for Esquire Magazine that reflected a person, outdoorsman image of a very physical man; he made a safari to Africa in the 1930s, killed big game, and so on. His male characters began to resemble this image and became more â€Å"Active† in the 1930s and 1940s. Readers often associate this macho image with Hemingway, but it is difficult to generalize about men in his work, since the early male characters are vulnerable and the later ones – more independent – have a sense of â€Å"toughness† strength and masculinity.†Ã‚   (Campbell 251) Hemingway wrote extensively throughout his career. One of the main recurring themes that can be seen in his short stories is that of war and death. He participated in the First World War as an ambulance driver under the Red Cross. It was during his term in Italy that he had his first love affair and was also injured. As a part of the Italian infantry he was awarded two decorations by the Italian government as well. It was his time here that he witnessed first hand the ruthlessness and stoic attitude of soldiers around him. Much of his observations later became part of his works. His time as a war correspondent in span also influenced his work. The events of the civil war that took place in Spain greatly affected him. â€Å"The Spanish civil war stories have two characteristics in common. The first-person narrator in all of them is obviously Hemingway himself, correspond dent, film-maker, raconteur, and famous personage. The second characteristic is that the real subject of all these stories, as well as the play, is the political nature of the conflict. Philips Rawlings, the main character in the ‘Fifth Column’ is also substantially autobiographical and the ‘girl,’ Dorothy Bridges, is clearly based on Martha Gellhorn, as is the girl in the story ‘Landscapes with Figures† (Donaldson 236). The stories are his version of events and how he saw the war. Most of the material is based on first hand information and as he experienced it. His short stories poignantly portrayed soldiers that left behind and lived with legacies of combat. In ‘Soldier’s Home,’ Krebs is the disillusioned veteran that comes back to home to find himself without a spiritual home. He is out of place, alienated from his family, religion and society. Hemingway’s examination of the war torn characters can also bee seen through Nick Adams. Some critiques have linked the short stories to a potential autobiographical connection and their thematic treatment to the various stages the characters go through i.e. Nick’s stages of recovery from his physical and psychological war wounds which mirror the one’s Hemingway suffered himself. It is Hemingway who in the third-person story supports the fundamental idea of Nick’s physical and spiritual recovery and renewal. It can be taken in view that writing was a form of catharsis for the author and through writing about his ordeal he managed to work through his anxiety of war (to an extent). We can see through the stories, glimpses of Hemingway’s own pain and anguish. When he returned from war ridden areas he was deeply affected. The effects of his experiences were heavy influences on his work and gave them a new sense of life. Hemingway had extremely turbulent relationships with the women in his life. His love stories are ruled by conflict between men and women whose lives are always stuck in some momentum of great tension and problems, or an extremely vivid change. He was married to four different women and was infamous for his multiple affairs. If one was to look at Hemingway’s life, one would notice that he lacked the will to stick to one woman. At some point and time breaking things off and moving on stopped giving him the guilt it once did and women became just a habit for him. His relationships with women affected his work a great deal; Paul Reuban went onto prove this in his work when he wrote that, â€Å"His [Hemingway’s] writing also reflected his trouble with relating to women and his tendency to treat them as objects, as he had four marriages and countless affairs, highlighting his theme of alienation and disconnection [in his work].† It was his guilt over women that led him to the bottle and subsequently drenched him in depression. He could not move past his guilt quickly enough before he moved onto the next woman. In his entire life he repeatedly cheated on all the women he was   with; it was a vicious cycle of finding love, breaking love by finding someone else, getting depressed over his actions, finding someone else to get out of the depression. An example of the effect that his love life had on his work can be seen in ‘Hills like White Elephants,’ which was written after Hemingway had cheated on his wife Hadley with her own friend Pauline Pfeiffer. When Hemingway asked for a divorce, Hadley placed a condition of a separation between him and Pfeiffer for a certain period of time; if he remained in love even after that time he was to be granted the divorce. It was during this period that he wrote the story. The biggest similarity between his life and the short story is that in either a family member or loved one was being separated. The story which centers on a conversation between a man and a woman show that the man is the authority. The poor communication skills between the two also reflect that their relationship might end. Perhaps Hemingway himself saw this as Hadley and himself which poor communication was ending up in the death of something that connected them, in the case of the characters this would be the unborn child. When in Italy, Hemingway had a love affair while he was wounded in this duration. The effects of this can be seen in his works as well. In ‘A very short story,’ the injured solider who is found on the Italian front has a love affair with a nurse who tended to him. Just like Hemingway himself who fell in love with Agnes Von Kurowsky. As the story goes, the nurse later leaves the solider for an Italian officer. â€Å"‘A very short story’ ranks as one of Hemingway’s least effective stories. Behind a pretense of objectivity, it excoriates the faithless Agnes. Even four years after the jilting, he was too close to his subject matter to achieve the requisite artistic distance†¦ twice again he explored the subject of love between a wounded soldier and his nurse†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Beegal 105). Throughout his work it will be seen that he advocates the kind of courage in the world where men must survive without women, which goes against the work itself because it is based largely on this mother, sisters, wives, lovers etc. Hemingway’s works paved way for an entirely new genre of writing. He used plain simple language to give voice to his stories. Much of his work, when it comes to short stories, is greatly influenced by his life and it can be seen through the various example given herewith, how his life was a muse to him. His relationships with women and subsequently alcohol, his experiences at war and the death that he saw, and his ideas on masculinity and manhood were some of the basic ideas that he infused with his writings to form the basis of many of his stories. Hemingway may have been gifted but he very conflicts that he tried to work out through his writings, and the very tensions that he wrote about, subsequently became the reason he took his own life.